Biodegradable Labels: Are They Really Eco-Friendly?

As sustainability becomes a priority for consumers and businesses alike, biodegradable labels are gaining popularity. But are they truly environmentally friendly or just another form of greenwashing?

This blog explores the truth behind biodegradable labels, their benefits and limitations, and how they compare to other eco-friendly labeling solutions.

What Are Biodegradable Labels?

Biodegradable labels are made from materials that break down naturally under specific conditions, reducing environmental impact. Common materials include:

• Compostable paper (FSC-certified, plant-based adhesives)

• PLA (Polylactic Acid) – Derived from cornstarch or sugarcane

• Mater-Bi – A bio-based polymer that decomposes in industrial composting

How They Work:

• Microorganisms break down the material into water, CO₂, and biomass.

• Timeframe varies – From weeks (industrial composting) to years (landfill).

Benefits of Biodegradable Labels

1. Reduced Plastic Waste

• Unlike traditional vinyl or BOPP labels, biodegradable options don’t contribute to microplastic pollution.

2. Lower Carbon Footprint

• Made from renewable resources (e.g., corn, sugarcane) instead of petroleum.

3. Compliance with Eco-Regulations

• Meets standards like EN 13432 (EU compostability) and ASTM D6400 (US compostability).

4. Enhanced Brand Image

• 73% of consumers prefer eco-friendly packaging (Nielsen Report).

The Reality: Are They Truly Sustainable?

Limitations & Challenges

1. Industrial Composting Required

   • Most biodegradable labels won’t decompose in home compost or landfills.

   • Requires specific temperature & humidity conditions.

2. Limited Durability

   • Not ideal for waterproof or long-term applications (e.g., beverage labels).

3. Higher Cost

   • 20-50% more expensive than traditional label materials.

4. Recycling Contamination Risk

   • If mixed with regular plastic recycling, they can disrupt the recycling process.

     
     

Biodegradable vs. Recycled vs. Recyclable Labels

Feature	Biodegradable	Recycled	Recyclable
Material Source	Plant-based (PLA, compostable paper)	Post-consumer waste	PET, PP, paper
Decomposition	Yes (under specific conditions)	No	No (but reusable)
Best For	Short-life products (food, cosmetics)	Brands using recycled packaging	Standard packaging with recycling streams

How to Choose the Right Eco-Label

1. Assess Your Product’s Lifespan

   • Biodegradable: Best for compostable packaging (e.g., organic tea bags).

   • Recycled/Recyclable: Better for durable goods (bottles, electronics).

2. Check Local Waste Facilities

   • Does your region have industrial composting? If not, biodegradable labels may end up in landfills.

3. Look for Certifications

   • OK Compost (TÜV Austria)

   • BPI (Biodegradable Products Institute)

   
   

The Future of Sustainable Labeling

• Water-soluble adhesives – Easier recycling.

• Algae-based inks – Carbon-neutral printing.

• Blockchain tracking – Verify biodegradability claims.

  
  

Conclusion

Biodegradable labels can be eco-friendly—but only under the right conditions. Before switching, consider:

• Your product’s lifecycle

• Local waste infrastructure

• Cost vs. sustainability trade-offs

  
  

For brands committed to genuine sustainability, combining biodegradable, recycled, and recyclable solutions may be the best approach.

Want to explore eco-friendly labels? Consult a sustainable packaging expert today!